According to statistics, in recent years, humanity has often encountered diabetes, an epidemic of the 21st century. The disease is getting younger every year and more and more patients die of complications. In this respect, it is important to understand what diabetes is mellitus, what type of diabetes and differences.
Types of diabetes
Diabetic pathology is the collective name of the whole class of diseases. In medicine, the liberation of diabetes mellitus is used by type. Terminology itself is represented by a complete list of diseases with common features. Diabetes and species characteristics are due to glucose pathogen in the bloodstream.
There are many factors, so insulin is unable to add glucose to blood cells, while the result is always the only one - during the intense saturation of the blood, cells are unable to eat normally.
If the sugar is inadequate in the cells, the water will pull it over. The liquid filling the blood goes through the kidneys and results in dehydration. Regardless of what type of diabetes they are observed, the following signs are formed:
- Drought in the oral cavity;
- feeling of thirst;
- Frequent visits to the bathroom and abundant urine emissions.
The various forms of diabetes are characterized by factors of appearance, symptoms and therapeutic methods.
Classification of diabetes
How many types of diabetes sugar exist? First and foremost, diabetes is distinguished by type - with sugar and non -ahar. And the sugar type already has some types of diabetes and differences.
- SD 1 form.
- SD 2 shapes.
- Special types of pathology.
- Pregnancy form.
In terms of severity, diabetes differs from a type of diabetes:
- light;
- medium;
- Heavy form.
Distinguished about the state of compensation:
- compensated;
- sub -compensation;
- Decompensated form of the disease.
It is important to consider the type of diabetes and their characteristics.
Type 1 diabetes (insulin -dependent)
The first type of diabetes is usually called autoimmune or viral damage as the pancreas caused by the pancreas. In patients with type 1 diabetes, insulin is missing or not enough.
According to statistics, the manifestation of the disease is nowadays young people. The first form has the following signs:
- rapid weight loss;
- thirst;
- Frequent urgency to toilet;
- feeling of hunger;
- The occurrence of acetone in urin.
Treatment of this diversity of pathology involves introducing the required dose of the hormone. The remaining therapeutic measures are ineffective.
The development of type 1 disease is due to a genetic factor. In addition, the provocateur is a number of negative reasons, ranging from impaired immunity. The course of diabetes with sudden, pronounced manifestations. The sugar indicator is quite high, reaching 30 mmol/l. But without insulin, cells remain in a state of starvation.
The cells of the pancreas are deformed and sugar is produced. The lack of hormone leads to the impossibility of using carbohydrates, and the lack of energy tries to replace fat processing.
The first type develops in the presence of the following
- infections;
- voltage;
- Sitting life;
- autoimmune processes;
- hereditary predisposition;
- Inadequate nutrition.
In the absence of proper treatment, the discretion of awareness and diabetes to a coma develop rapidly. Subsequently, if you do not treat diabetes in adulthood, it quickly leads to almost all systems and organs, a disability disorder.
With the onset of the disease, the development of development in a child is delayed at physical, mental level, later puberty and infantilism.
The only way to treat is the introduction of insulin in the epithelium injections. Nowadays glucose is often not introduced. There are analogs that I introduce for 1 or 3 days a day. The insulin pump is effective, which continues to introduce glucose during the day. 
The various 1 form of the disease is the latent autoimmune disease of adults characterized by a decrease in sugar value, the patient's body weight is normal. In the study, antibodies are found in the cells of the pancreas, which are not available in the form of pathology 2 but in 1 form.
It is important that the disease is diagnosed in time as the therapy is the introduction of insulin. The tablets are not allowed to reduce sugar in this situation.
Type 2 diabetes (insulin -dependent)
Degree 2 diabetes is not absolute but in terms of inferiority in insulin. This indicates insulin secretion in a normal, excessive volume. Cells are resistant to influence.
There are cases where this species is related to obesity. In this situation of glucose selection, this is not enough for current fat deposits. Unlike 1 form, 2 species are formed in mature years. The male gender 40, after the female, after the Climax, when the restructuring is observed at the hormonal level.
The development of 2 forms of diabetes is not as fast as type 1. Often the disease is gradually formed, the signs are weak, and the painful disorders are not to the extent as in 1 form. 
The main manifestations of the disease are as follows:
- Drought in the oral cavity;
- The increased amount of urine that causes the patient to enter the toilet in the middle of the night;
- strong desire for drinking;
- itching of mucous membranes;
- There is an increased desire.
After the disease, with obesity, it leads to a hypertensive disease, which increases high values. The development of a vicious circle is formed when diabetes, obesity and hypertension lead together. The risk of heart attack and stroke also increases rapidly.
If the disease is not treated, irreversible phenomena occur in the nerve fibers, liver, kidney, eye -retina. Most often, in the form of vascular disease 2, the appearance of trophy ulcers on the lower leg, the gangren legs.
When the 2 species SD continues easily to normalize the sugar, it is sufficiently discarded. This is only at first. After the lack of glucose, drugs will be needed that reduce the sugar of the tablets. Tablets can stimulate sugar synthesis in beta cells, which covers its absence.
Later, however, with multiple stimulation, complete exhaustion of the cells, it is possible to develop a complete lack of glucose. High indicators, together with complications relative to the internal organs, indicate switching from the tablet to insulin. Therefore, the patient is usually doomed to constant use of insulin. Thus, the two types of diabetes are insulin -dependent, and form 2 is 2 phases, the nature of the development is insulin -dependent and the insulin dependent.
A special type of diabetes
There is a whole group of types of diabetes that are related to other factors. Types of diabetes:
- Hereditary errors in the work of the organ cells of the pancreas and the effects of insulin.
- Disease of the exocrine part of the gland.
- Endocrinopathy.
- SD, provoked by medicines, chemical elements.
- Injections.
- Unusual types of immune disease.
- Hereditary symptoms that are combined with diabetes.
Diabetes mellitus develops based on the types of genetic defects in the pancreas and insulin effects due to the mutation of the gland function genes and the effect of insulin.
Diseases of the exocrine part of the pancreas are an inflammatory procedure in iron, injury and tumor formations. When it comes to part of the organ, the productivity of the sugar also suffers and the service station leads to diabetes. Therapy performs work and introduces glucose.
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by excessive volume power of hormones according to the type of endocrinotherapy. Hormones can negatively affect sugar exchange by increasing the indicator, provoking insulin resistance, and inhibit sugar exposure. As a result, a specific form of diabetes is developed.
Diabetes mellitus is provoked by drugs that are capable of increasing sugar and causing insulin resistance.
Often, diabetes initially develops after viral pathologies, as viruses can surprise the pancreas cells and damage the immune system and trigger a process that is similar to diabetes.
- Adenovirus.
- Citomegalovirus.
- Rubella.
- Little pig.
In rare cases, diabetes can be observed with diabetes, provoked by the formation of glucose and receptor antibodies. The receptor is the purpose of glucose and is influenced by the cell through it. When these phenomena are violated, the sugar is unable to do its work, so diabetes develops.
Pregnancy diabetes
This species develops during pregnancy. The disease develops due to lower sugar productivity and is needed to control glucose in the bloodstream.
During pregnancy, the female body is forced to produce a large amount of sugar, which is needed for the baby. This process is particularly relevant in the second stage of pregnancy.
If glucose is missing, the value of the sugar is constantly increasing, giving you the opportunity to develop pregnancy -type diabetes. The pathology often disappears in itself after the birth of a child. It is a characteristic attribute that distinguishes this type from other species of chronic flow.
No -adalar diabetes
The non -nnaicar form of the disease is also called urethra. There is no typical sign of pathology. The main features are as follows:
- Polyuria, characterized by the liberation of urine volume, which significantly exceeds the norm;
- Polydipsy - a large amount of liquid.
In the case of illness, diabetics are observed:
- dry wine;
- The stomach is tense, lowered;
- Body weight falls;
- the pressure decreases;
- Affects the geniturinary system (girls are confronted with the menstrual cycle, and in men the efficiency is reduced);
- Children are not worried, growth and development are delayed.
Nonchard treatment requires the receipt of vasopressin in the nose or tablet cavity.